Verbal Analogies Trap Types

PM-V-A: Analogy Trap Taxonomy — PrepMaster Inc.
PM-V-A · ANALOGY TRAPS · v1.0
Verbal Section · Analogy Sub-taxonomy

55 Relationship Types × 75 Cognitive Traps

A PrepMaster-proprietary analogy classification system mapping Han Se-hee's 24-chapter relationship taxonomy to 75 cognitive trap patterns. Each type shows which traps are active and why students fall for them.

System CodePM-V-A
Relationship Types55 types / 24 chapters
Trap Patterns75 cognitive traps
SiblingPM-V-S (Synonyms)
⚑
55 Relationship Types: original classification by Han Se-hee, PrepMaster Inc. — 23 years of SSAT admissions data. Proprietary and confidential.
CHAPTER 01

People

12 types
TYPE 01-1
A is a person who does B
직업/역할 → 행위
The relationship is defined by what the person does as their primary function.
SURGEON : OPERATE  |  JUDGE : ADJUDICATE
Active traps
T17 Tool vs. User T21 Action vs. Object T23 Passive vs. Active T41 Field vs. Practitioner T35 Pseudo-Synonym
TYPE 01-2
A is a person with the characteristics of B
인물 → 본질적 성질
The person IS defined by the trait — not what they do, but what they are.
MISER : GREEDY  |  SAGE : WISE
Active traps
T14 Accidental vs. Essential T16 Subjective vs. Objective T64 Virtue vs. Person T36 Common Association T30 Part of Speech Mismatch
TYPE 01-3
A is a person who likes B
인물 → 선호 대상
Defined by affinity or enthusiasm — not profession.
BIBLIOPHILE : BOOKS  |  GOURMAND : FOOD
Active traps
T14 Accidental vs. Essential T40 Secondary Meaning Trap T35 Pseudo-Synonym T69 Definition vs. Example
TYPE 01-4
A is a person who dislikes B
인물 → 혐오/기피 대상
Mirror of 01-3 — defined by aversion, not profession.
MISANTHROPE : PEOPLE  |  ASCETIC : LUXURY
Active traps
T24 Without vs. Opposite T14 Accidental vs. Essential T40 Secondary Meaning Trap T74 Necessity vs. Possibility
TYPE 01-5
A is a person who makes B
창작자 → 창작물
The relationship is creation — output belongs to the maker.
SCULPTOR : STATUE  |  COMPOSER : SYMPHONY
Active traps
T19 Action vs. Result T49 Raw Material vs. Final Product T21 Action vs. Object T44 Medium vs. Message
TYPE 01-6
A is a person who handles B as a material
장인/전문가 → 재료
The person works WITH the material — it's the medium, not the product.
BLACKSMITH : IRON  |  POTTER : CLAY
Active traps
T49 Raw Material vs. Final Product T50 Ingredient vs. Component T18 Tool vs. Target T36 Common Association
TYPE 01-7
A is a person who uses B as a tool
전문가 → 전용 도구
The tool is instrumental and specific — not just associated.
SURGEON : SCALPEL  |  CARPENTER : HAMMER
Active traps
T17 Tool vs. User T22 Tool vs. Specialization T18 Tool vs. Target T55 Accessory vs. Essential
TYPE 01-8
Space where A works or resides: B
직업인 → 근무/거주 공간
The space is defined by who occupies or works in it.
JUDGE : COURTROOM  |  MONK : MONASTERY
Active traps
T20 Worker vs. Workplace T46 Shelter vs. Inhabitant T47 Adjacency Trap T11 Part vs. Characteristic
TYPE 01-9
A is a partner with B
상호 보완적 파트너 관계
Both parties exist in mutual, complementary relationship — neither is primary.
ACTOR : DIRECTOR  |  PLAINTIFF : DEFENDANT
Active traps
T01 Reverse Direction T05 Sequential vs. Parallel T36 Common Association T75 Redundancy Trap
TYPE 01-10
Another term for A calling B
직함/호칭 → 동일 인물의 다른 명칭
Two different titles refer to the same role or person in different contexts.
PHYSICIAN : DOCTOR  |  ATTORNEY : LAWYER
Active traps
T35 Pseudo-Synonym T33 Tone Mismatch T69 Definition vs. Example T75 Redundancy Trap
TYPE 01-11
The clothes that A wears: B
직업인 → 전용 복장/유니폼
The garment is the identifying or required uniform of the role.
JUDGE : ROBE  |  SOLDIER : UNIFORM
Active traps
T14 Accidental vs. Essential T55 Accessory vs. Essential T36 Common Association T71 Cultural vs. Universal
TYPE 01-12
A growing up to be B
유충/미성숙 단계 → 성체
A is the immature or larval form; B is what A becomes through development.
TADPOLE : FROG  |  LARVA : BEETLE
Active traps
T01 Reverse Direction T58 Gender Mismatch T59 Young vs. Group T51 Irreversible Change
CHAPTER 02

Tools & Functions

3 types
TYPE 02-1
Tools and Functions
도구 → 기능/목적
The tool exists to perform a specific function.
THERMOMETER : MEASURE TEMPERATURE  |  SIEVE : FILTER
Active traps
T18 Tool vs. Target T19 Action vs. Result T53 Preventive vs. Curative T55 Accessory vs. Essential T56 Input vs. Output T22 Tool vs. Specialization
TYPE 02-2
Medications and their Effects
약물 → 효과/대상 증상
The medication targets a specific condition or produces a specific effect.
ANALGESIC : PAIN  |  ANTIBIOTIC : BACTERIA
Active traps
T53 Preventive vs. Curative T57 Final Purpose vs. Side Effect T18 Tool vs. Target T03 Cause-Effect Flip T28 Removal vs. Absence
TYPE 02-3
Substance and its Elimination or Prevention Target
물질/수단 → 제거/예방 대상
The substance acts against something — either removes or prevents it.
PESTICIDE : INSECTS  |  SUNSCREEN : UV RAYS
Active traps
T28 Removal vs. Absence T53 Preventive vs. Curative T03 Cause-Effect Flip T57 Final Purpose vs. Side Effect
CHAPTER 03

Degree

3 types
TYPE 03-1
Adjective < Adjective Degree
형용사 강도 상승
A is a milder degree; B is the intensified form of the same quality.
COLD : FRIGID  |  HAPPY : ELATED  |  TIRED : EXHAUSTED
Active traps
T06 Extreme vs. Moderate T07 Understatement Trap T08 Overstatement Trap T09 Positive-Negative Intensity T01 Reverse Direction T35 Pseudo-Synonym
TYPE 03-2
Verb < Verb Degree
동사 강도 상승
A is a mild action; B is the same action at higher intensity.
SMILE : LAUGH  |  DISLIKE : LOATHE  |  WALK : SPRINT
Active traps
T06 Extreme vs. Moderate T08 Overstatement Trap T10 Magnitude Trap T01 Reverse Direction T65 Extreme Emotion Trap
TYPE 03-3
Noun < Noun Degree
명사 강도 상승 (양/규모)
A is a smaller or lesser quantity; B is a greater unit or amount of the same thing.
DROP : FLOOD  |  BREEZE : GALE  |  CRACK : CHASM
Active traps
T10 Magnitude Trap T06 Extreme vs. Moderate T13 Species vs. Genus T73 Over/Under-Generalization
CHAPTER 04

Studies & Scholars

2 types
TYPE 04-1
Studies
학문 → 연구 대상
The academic field studies the named subject.
ORNITHOLOGY : BIRDS  |  NUMISMATICS : COINS
Active traps
T42 Study vs. Object T41 Field vs. Practitioner T43 Theory vs. Application T01 Reverse Direction
TYPE 04-2
Scholars
학자/전문가 → 연구 분야
The scholar is defined by their field of study.
ENTOMOLOGIST : INSECTS  |  GEOLOGIST : ROCKS
Active traps
T41 Field vs. Practitioner T42 Study vs. Object T20 Worker vs. Workplace T01 Reverse Direction
CHAPTER 05

Places

3 types
TYPE 05-1
A is a place created to store B
보관 장소 → 저장 대상
The place exists specifically to hold or preserve the named thing.
GRANARY : GRAIN  |  ARMORY : WEAPONS
Active traps
T45 Container vs. Content T47 Adjacency Trap T55 Accessory vs. Essential
TYPE 05-2
A is a place where B is done
장소 → 수행 활동
The place is defined by the activity performed there.
LABORATORY : EXPERIMENT  |  ABATTOIR : SLAUGHTER
Active traps
T20 Worker vs. Workplace T47 Adjacency Trap T19 Action vs. Result T43 Theory vs. Application
TYPE 05-3
A is a place where B lives
서식지/거주지 → 거주자
The habitat is defined by its natural inhabitant.
DEN : FOX  |  BURROW : RABBIT  |  MONASTERY : MONK
Active traps
T46 Shelter vs. Inhabitant T61 Habitat vs. Characteristic T01 Reverse Direction T47 Adjacency Trap
CHAPTER 06

Part & Whole

2 types
TYPE 06-1
Spatial Order
공간적 부분 → 전체 (위계 있음)
A is a spatially defined part; B is the larger whole it belongs to.
ROOM : HOUSE  |  CHAPTER : BOOK  |  SPOKE : WHEEL
Active traps
T12 Member vs. Part T45 Container vs. Content T48 Boundary vs. Region T04 Member-Group Inversion T73 Over/Under-Generalization
TYPE 06-2
Body Parts
신체 부위 → 기능/전체
A specific body part is related to its function or to the organism.
CORNEA : EYE  |  VENTRICLE : HEART
Active traps
T11 Part vs. Characteristic T12 Member vs. Part T56 Input vs. Output T36 Common Association
CHAPTER 07

Kinds

1 type
TYPE 07-1
Kinds
하위 종류 → 상위 범주
A is a specific kind/type; B is the category it belongs to.
SONNET : POEM  |  TROMBONE : INSTRUMENT  |  MEASLES : DISEASE
Active traps
T13 Species vs. Genus T04 Member-Group Inversion T69 Definition vs. Example T73 Over/Under-Generalization T35 Pseudo-Synonym
CHAPTER 08

Shells

1 type
TYPE 08-1
Shells
외피/용기 → 내용물/보호 대상
A is the outer covering or container; B is what it encloses or protects.
SHELL : EGG  |  HUSK : CORN  |  RIND : MELON
Active traps
T45 Container vs. Content T11 Part vs. Characteristic T01 Reverse Direction T55 Accessory vs. Essential
CHAPTER 09

Unit & Measure

2 types
TYPE 09-1
Unit
단위 → 측정 대상
A is a unit of measurement; B is what it measures.
DECIBEL : SOUND  |  KNOT : SPEED  |  CARAT : GEMS
Active traps
T42 Study vs. Object T01 Reverse Direction T10 Magnitude Trap T36 Common Association
TYPE 09-2
Measure
측정 도구 → 측정 대상
A is the instrument; B is what it measures.
BAROMETER : PRESSURE  |  SEISMOGRAPH : EARTHQUAKES
Active traps
T18 Tool vs. Target T42 Study vs. Object T56 Input vs. Output T22 Tool vs. Specialization
CHAPTER 10

Group & Members

2 types
TYPE 10-1
Group and Member
집단 → 구성원 (인격체)
A is the collective; B is the individual member who belongs to it.
JURY : JUROR  |  FACULTY : PROFESSOR  |  FLEET : SHIP
Active traps
T12 Member vs. Part T04 Member-Group Inversion T13 Species vs. Genus T01 Reverse Direction
TYPE 10-2
Whole and Component
전체 → 구성 요소 (무생물)
A is a whole object; B is a structural component — not a member but a part.
CLOCK : GEAR  |  SONATA : MOVEMENT  |  SENTENCE : CLAUSE
Active traps
T12 Member vs. Part T11 Part vs. Characteristic T45 Container vs. Content T04 Member-Group Inversion
CHAPTER 11

Animal Kingdom

6 types
TYPE 11-1
Animal : Adjective
동물 → 본질적 성질
LION : MAJESTIC  |  FOX : CUNNING  |  OX : STOLID
Active traps
T14 Accidental vs. Essential T71 Cultural vs. Universal T61 Habitat vs. Characteristic T16 Subjective vs. Objective
TYPE 11-2
Female : Male
암컷 → 수컷 명칭
HEN : ROOSTER  |  DOE : BUCK  |  MARE : STALLION
Active traps
T58 Gender Mismatch T01 Reverse Direction T59 Young vs. Group T38 Homonym Distractor
TYPE 11-3
Animal : Dwelling Place
동물 → 서식/거주지
BEAVER : LODGE  |  EAGLE : EYRIE  |  BEAR : DEN
Active traps
T46 Shelter vs. Inhabitant T61 Habitat vs. Characteristic T01 Reverse Direction T47 Adjacency Trap
TYPE 11-4
Animal : Offspring
동물 → 새끼 명칭
CAT : KITTEN  |  GOOSE : GOSLING  |  DEER : FAWN
Active traps
T59 Young vs. Group T58 Gender Mismatch T01 Reverse Direction T38 Homonym Distractor
TYPE 11-5
Animal : Group
동물 → 무리 명칭
WOLF : PACK  |  FISH : SCHOOL  |  CROW : MURDER
Active traps
T59 Young vs. Group T04 Member-Group Inversion T37 Literal vs. Figurative T12 Member vs. Part
TYPE 11-6
Animal : Sound
동물 → 울음소리 명칭
LION : ROAR  |  FROG : CROAK  |  SNAKE : HISS
Active traps
T60 Sound vs. Action T37 Literal vs. Figurative T01 Reverse Direction T71 Cultural vs. Universal
CHAPTER 12

Without

1 type
TYPE 12-1
Without
결여 상태 → 결여 대상
A describes the state of lacking B — not the opposite of B.
PENNILESS : MONEY  |  MUTE : SPEECH  |  BALD : HAIR
Active traps — highest density chapter
T24 Without vs. Opposite T25 Partial vs. Total Lack T26 Temporary vs. Permanent Lack T27 Physical vs. Abstract Lack T28 Removal vs. Absence T29 Negative Constraint T15 Negative Attribute T07 Understatement Trap
CHAPTER 13

Genre

1 type
TYPE 13-1
Genre
장르/양식 → 상위 형식
SONATA : MUSIC  |  TRAGEDY : DRAMA  |  HAIKU : POETRY
Active traps
T13 Species vs. Genus T44 Medium vs. Message T71 Cultural vs. Universal T69 Definition vs. Example
CHAPTER 14

Action & Emotion

1 type
TYPE 14-1
Action & Emotion
감정 → 외적 표출 행위
The emotion drives or manifests as the action — internal state to external expression.
EMBARRASSMENT : BLUSH  |  GRIEF : WEEP  |  SURPRISE : GASP
Active traps
T62 Emotion vs. Manifestation T63 Intent vs. Action T65 Extreme Emotion Trap T03 Cause-Effect Flip T06 Extreme vs. Moderate
CHAPTER 15

Product & Material

1 type
TYPE 15-1
Product & Material
완제품 → 원재료
A is the finished product made from material B.
CHEESE : MILK  |  LINEN : FLAX  |  GLASS : SAND
Active traps
T49 Raw Material vs. Final Product T50 Ingredient vs. Component T51 Irreversible Change T52 Source vs. Result T01 Reverse Direction
CHAPTER 16

List & Collection

2 types
TYPE 16-1
List
목록/컬렉션 → 수록 항목
ANTHOLOGY : POEMS  |  ATLAS : MAPS  |  MENU : DISHES
Active traps
T45 Container vs. Content T12 Member vs. Part T04 Member-Group Inversion T44 Medium vs. Message
TYPE 16-2
Books and their Contents
출판물 → 수록 내용 유형
DICTIONARY : DEFINITIONS  |  ALMANAC : STATISTICS  |  THESAURUS : SYNONYMS
Active traps
T44 Medium vs. Message T45 Container vs. Content T69 Definition vs. Example T36 Common Association
CHAPTER 17

Likely & Unlikely

2 types
TYPE 17-1
Likely
전형적으로 함께하는 관계
A and B naturally and typically co-occur — not just associated.
RAIN : UMBRELLA  |  COLD : COAT
Active traps
T36 Common Association T70 Frequency Mismatch T74 Necessity vs. Possibility T72 False Cause
TYPE 17-2
Unlikely
공존 불가능한 관계
A and B cannot logically co-exist — mutual exclusion.
SILENCE : NOISE  |  MISER : GENEROSITY
Active traps
T24 Without vs. Opposite T74 Necessity vs. Possibility T72 False Cause T09 Positive-Negative Intensity
CHAPTER 18

Symbol

2 types
TYPE 18-1
Symbolic beings or objects
상징물 → 상징하는 추상 가치
DOVE : PEACE  |  OWL : WISDOM  |  SCALES : JUSTICE
Active traps
T66 Symbol vs. Object T67 Color/Icon Mismatch T71 Cultural vs. Universal T37 Literal vs. Figurative
TYPE 18-2
Punctuation and Usage
문장 부호 → 용도/기능
COMMA : PAUSE  |  APOSTROPHE : POSSESSION  |  ELLIPSIS : OMISSION
Active traps
T68 Punctuation/Writing Trap T57 Final Purpose vs. Side Effect T69 Definition vs. Example T44 Medium vs. Message
CHAPTER 19

Restriction

2 types
TYPE 19-1
A prevents B
수단 → 예방 대상
VACCINE : DISEASE  |  FENCE : TRESPASS  |  EMBARGO : TRADE
Active traps
T53 Preventive vs. Curative T28 Removal vs. Absence T29 Negative Constraint T03 Cause-Effect Flip
TYPE 19-2
A removes B
수단 → 제거 대상
ERASER : MARKS  |  ANTIDOTE : POISON  |  AMNESTY : PUNISHMENT
Active traps
T28 Removal vs. Absence T53 Preventive vs. Curative T03 Cause-Effect Flip T51 Irreversible Change
CHAPTER 20

Noun : Adjective

1 type
TYPE 20-1
Noun : Adjective
명사 → 본질적 형용사 성질
B is the essential defining quality of A — not just a possible attribute.
DESERT : ARID  |  GLACIER : FRIGID  |  GENIUS : BRILLIANT
Active traps
T14 Accidental vs. Essential T16 Subjective vs. Objective T30 Part of Speech Mismatch T35 Pseudo-Synonym T06 Extreme vs. Moderate
CHAPTER 21

Synonyms

1 type
TYPE 21-1
Synonyms
동의어 관계 — 의미 동일
A and B have the same or nearly the same meaning — the pair IS the relationship.
GARRULOUS : LOQUACIOUS  |  OPULENT : LAVISH
Active traps
T35 Pseudo-Synonym T33 Tone Mismatch T06 Extreme vs. Moderate T75 Redundancy Trap T39 Contextual Shift
CHAPTER 22

Antonyms

1 type
TYPE 22-1
Antonyms
반의어 관계 — 의미 대립
A and B are opposites — the pair IS the relationship.
TIMID : AUDACIOUS  |  ZENITH : NADIR  |  VERBOSE : LACONIC
Active traps
T24 Without vs. Opposite T09 Positive-Negative Intensity T35 Pseudo-Synonym T06 Extreme vs. Moderate T74 Necessity vs. Possibility
CHAPTER 23

Cause & Effect

1 type
TYPE 23-1
Cause & Effect
원인 → 결과
A necessarily produces or leads to B — not just correlated.
DROUGHT : FAMINE  |  EXERCISE : FATIGUE  |  NEGLIGENCE : ACCIDENT
Active traps — highest logic density
T03 Cause-Effect Flip T72 False Cause T70 Frequency Mismatch T74 Necessity vs. Possibility T05 Sequential vs. Parallel T52 Source vs. Result T57 Final Purpose vs. Side Effect
CHAPTER 24

Eponyms

2 types
TYPE 24-1
Words from Names
고유명사 → 파생 보통명사
A word derived from a person's or place's proper name.
PASTEURIZE : PASTEUR  |  BOYCOTT : CAPTAIN BOYCOTT  |  SANDWICH : EARL OF SANDWICH
Active traps
T71 Cultural vs. Universal T40 Secondary Meaning Trap T01 Reverse Direction T69 Definition vs. Example
TYPE 24-2
Like So-and-So
인물 이름 → 연상 성질/행위
A famous person's name is associated with a defining quality or action type.
MACHIAVELLIAN : CUNNING  |  SPARTAN : AUSTERE  |  QUIXOTIC : IDEALISTIC
Active traps
T71 Cultural vs. Universal T14 Accidental vs. Essential T37 Literal vs. Figurative T69 Definition vs. Example

Full Trap Reference

All 75 traps · 15 categories
Code Name (EN) Korean Description Category
T01 Reverse Direction 관계의 선후가 뒤바뀜 Direction
T02 Vertical vs. Horizontal 세로/가로 관계 혼동 Direction
T03 Cause-Effect Flip 결과가 원인보다 앞에 Direction
T04 Member-Group Inversion 구성원과 집단 순서 오류 Direction
T05 Sequential vs. Parallel 선후 vs. 동시 발생 혼동 Direction
T06 Extreme vs. Moderate 일반 vs. 극단 상태 혼동 Degree
T07 Understatement Trap 너무 약한 표현 선택 Degree
T08 Overstatement Trap 논리 범위 넘는 과한 표현 Degree
T09 Positive-Negative Intensity 긍/부정 강도 대응 불일치 Degree
T10 Magnitude Trap 크기/규모 비례 대응 실패 Degree
T11 Part vs. Characteristic 물리적 부품 vs. 추상적 성질 Categorical
T12 Member vs. Part 구성원(인격체) vs. 부품(무생물) Categorical
T13 Species vs. Genus 하위 종 vs. 상위 분류 위계 오류 Categorical
T14 Accidental vs. Essential 우연한 속성을 본질로 착각 Categorical
T15 Negative Attribute 부정 성질을 부재로 오해 Categorical
T16 Subjective vs. Objective Trait 주관적 판단 vs. 객관적 사실 Categorical
T17 Tool vs. User 도구와 사용자 관계 오해 Tools
T18 Tool vs. Target 도구 vs. 작용 대상 혼동 Tools
T19 Action vs. Result 행위 vs. 결과(상태) 구분 실패 Tools
T20 Worker vs. Workplace 종사자 vs. 근무 장소 오류 Tools
T21 Action vs. Object/Subject 행위의 대상(수동) vs. 주체(능동) Tools
T22 Tool vs. Specialization 범용 vs. 특정 전용 도구 Tools
T23 Passive vs. Active 수동 vs. 능동 관계 뒤바뀜 Tools
T24 Without vs. Opposite 결여 상태를 반대말로 치부 Lack
T25 Partial vs. Total Lack 일부 부족 vs. 완전 결핍 Lack
T26 Temporary vs. Permanent Lack 일시적 부재 vs. 영구적 결여 Lack
T27 Physical vs. Abstract Lack 물리적 결핍 vs. 추상적 결핍 Lack
T28 Removal vs. Absence 제거 행위 vs. 없는 상태 Lack
T29 Negative Constraint 금지 vs. 부정 혼동 Lack
T30 Part of Speech Mismatch 품사 구조 불일치 Grammar
T31 Tense Inconsistency 현재/과거형 대응 불일치 Grammar
T32 Plurality Error 단수/복수 개념 불일치 Grammar
T33 Tone Mismatch 격식어 vs. 구어체 불일치 Grammar
T34 Part of Speech Consistency 선택지 품사 구조가 문제와 다름 Grammar
T35 Pseudo-Synonym 비슷해 보이나 논리 관계 없음 Semantic
T36 Common Association 관용적 연상으로 착각 Semantic
T37 Literal vs. Figurative 사전적 vs. 비유적 의미 혼동 Semantic
T38 Homonym Distractor 동음이의어 유혹 Semantic
T39 Contextual Shift 문맥 변화 무시한 고정 판단 Semantic
T40 Secondary Meaning Trap 2·3번 뜻으로만 성립하는 관계 Semantic
T41 Field vs. Practitioner 학문 분야 vs. 실무 전문가 Professional
T42 Study vs. Object 연구 주체 vs. 연구 대상 Professional
T43 Theory vs. Application 이론 정의 vs. 실제 적용 Professional
T44 Medium vs. Message 전달 수단 vs. 전달 내용 Professional
T45 Container vs. Content 그릇과 내용물을 부분:전체로 오해 Spatial
T46 Shelter vs. Inhabitant 서식지 vs. 거주자 단순 위치 판단 Spatial
T47 Adjacency Trap 인접한 것을 논리 관계로 착각 Spatial
T48 Boundary vs. Region 경계선 vs. 내부 영역 오류 Spatial
T49 Raw Material vs. Final Product 원재료 vs. 완제품 단계 무시 Material
T50 Ingredient vs. Component 요리 재료 vs. 기계 부품 혼동 Material
T51 Irreversible Change 가역 vs. 비가역 변화 차이 Material
T52 Source vs. Result 출처 vs. 파생물 미세 차이 Material
T53 Preventive vs. Curative 예방 도구 vs. 치료 도구 Functional
T54 Facilitator vs. Primary Agent 조력 수단 vs. 주 행위자 Functional
T55 Accessory vs. Essential 부가 장식 vs. 필수 구성 요소 Functional
T56 Input vs. Output 투입 에너지 vs. 산출 결과물 Functional
T57 Final Purpose vs. Side Effect 최종 목적 vs. 부수적 효과 Functional
T58 Gender Mismatch 암수 vs. 부모-자식 혼동 Nature
T59 Young vs. Group 새끼 명칭 vs. 무리 명칭 Nature
T60 Sound vs. Action 울음소리 vs. 일반 움직임 Nature
T61 Habitat vs. Characteristic 서식지 특성을 동물 본질로 착각 Nature
T62 Emotion vs. Manifestation 감정 vs. 외적 표출 불일치 Emotion
T63 Intent vs. Action 내적 의도 vs. 외적 행위 Emotion
T64 Virtue vs. Person 덕목(명사) vs. 소유자(형용사) Emotion
T65 Extreme Emotion Trap 일반 감정 vs. 격정 상태 Emotion
T66 Symbol vs. Object 상징물 vs. 실제 대상 유의어 착각 Symbol
T67 Color/Icon Mismatch 색/아이콘의 보편적 가치 오해 Symbol
T68 Punctuation/Writing Trap 기호 vs. 용도 논리 비약 Symbol
T69 Definition vs. Example 보편적 정의 vs. 단순 예시 Logic
T70 Frequency Mismatch 상시 발생 vs. 일시적 사건 Logic
T71 Cultural vs. Universal 문화적 연상 vs. 보편적 논리 Logic
T72 False Cause 우연한 연속을 인과로 착각 Logic
T73 Over/Under-Generalization 범위 너무 넓히거나 좁혀 해석 Logic
T74 Necessity vs. Possibility 필연성 vs. 개연성 구분 실패 Logic
T75 Redundancy Trap 의미 반복을 논리 관계로 오해 Logic
PM-V-A ANALOGY TRAP TAXONOMY · 55 TYPES × 75 TRAPS · v1.0 · CONFIDENTIAL